|
设计描述：
文档包括:
PDF版设计说明书1份，共140页
CAD版本图纸，共5张
毕业设计任务书
毕业设计题目：超化煤矿0.9Mt/a 新井设计
毕业设计专题题目：西部脆弱矿区保水开采技术分析
摘 要
本设计包括三个部分：一般部分、专题部分和翻译部分。
一般部分为超化煤矿0.9Mt/a 新井设计。河南超 化煤矿位于河南郑州市境内，东有京
广铁路，北有豫04 公路，交通便利。井田走向长度约5.43km，倾向长度约2.5km，
面积约8.998 km2。主采煤层为二1 煤层，平均倾角为15°，平均厚度为7.5 m。井田工
业储量为92.46 Mt，可采储量为57.79 Mt，矿井服务年限为49 a。矿井正常涌水量为
500 m3/h，最大涌水量为650 m3/h。矿井绝对瓦斯涌出量为10.57 m3/min，属于低瓦斯
矿井。
根据井田地质条件，提出四个技术上可行的开拓方案。方案一：立井两水平开拓
上下山开采，立井直接延深；方案二：立井两水平开拓上下山开采，暗斜井延深；方
案三：立井两水平开拓上山开采，立井直接延深；方案四：立井两水平开拓上山开采，
暗斜井延深。通过技术经济比较，最终确定方案一为最优方案。一水平标高-200 m，
二水平标高-400m。
设计首采区采用采区准备方式，工作面长度120 m，采用综采放顶煤采煤法，矿
井年工作日为330 d，工作制度为“三八制”。
大巷采用胶带输送机运煤，辅助运输采用矿车运输。矿井通风方式为中央并列式。
专题部分题目是西部生态脆弱矿区保水开采技术分析，煤炭资源的开采为整个国
民经济持续稳定发展做出了重要的历史性贡献。我国西部是我国主要的产煤区，在西
部大开发的背景下，西部煤炭资源将得到大规模的开发。然而，煤炭资源的大规模开
发，不可避免地对自然生态状况产生极大的扰动，特别是对开采区域范围内的水文地
质环境产生极为明显的不可逆作用，从而严重破坏了地下水资源的自然赋存条件，使
本来就已经十分紧张的西部生态脆弱矿区水资源供需矛盾更加尖锐。在西部生态脆弱
矿区采取一定的保水开采技术是符合煤矿绿色开采技术的要求。
翻译部分题目是煤矿自动化和通信技术现状与发展趋势。
关键词：超化煤矿 ；立井 ；暗斜井 ；采区布置 ；放顶煤采煤法 ；中央并列式 ；
保水开采
ABSTRACT
This design can be divided into three sections: general design, monographic study and
translation of an academic paper.
The general design is about a 0.9 Mt/a new underground mine design of Chaohua coal
mine.Chaohua coal mine lies in Zhengzhou City, Henan province.As Jingguang railway
runs in the west of the mine field and NO.Yu04 Highway runs in the east of the mine field,
the traffic is convenient.It’s about 5.43 km on the strike and 2.5 km on the dip, with the
8.998 km2 total horizontal area.The minable coal seam is 21 with an average thickness of
7.5 m and an average dip of 15°.The proved reserves of this coal mine are 92.46 Mt and the
minable reserves are 57.79 Mt, with a mine life of 49 a. The normal mine inflow is 500
m3/h and the maximum mine inflow is 650 m3/h. The mine gas emission rate is 10.57
m3/min which belongs to low gas mine.
Based on the geological conditions of the mine, I bring forward four available projects
in technology.The first is vertical shaft development with two mining levels and the
extension of vertical shaft; the second is vertical shaft development with two mining levels
and the extension of blind inclined shaft; the third is vertical shaft development with two
mining levels and the extension of blind inclined shaft; the last is vertical shaft development
with two mining levels and the extension of vertical shaft. The second project is the best
comparing with other three projects in technology and economy.The first level is at -200
m.The second level is at -400 m.
Designed first mining district makes use of the method of the mining district
preparation.The length of working face is 120 m, which uses fully-mechanized coal caving
mining method. The working system is “three-eight” which produces 330 d/a.
Main roadway makes use of belt conveyor to transport coal resource, and mine car to
be assistant transport. the type of mine ventilation system is the central paratactic .
The monographic study is The analysis of fragile water mining technical in Western
mining ecological. The mining of coal resources for the entire national sustainable
economic development has made the important historic contribution. In western China is
the main regions in the development of western China, under the background of coal
resources, the west will get large-scale exploitation. However, the large-scale development
of coal resources, inevitably to natural ecological status greatly disturbed, especially in
mining area within the scope of the
The translated academic paper is Present situation and developing trend of coal mine
automationand communication technology.
Keywords: Chaohua coal; Vertical shaft; Dark slope; Mining decorate; Top coal caving
目 录
一般设计部分
1 矿区概况及地质特征 .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 矿区概况 ............................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1 矿区地理位置、交通条件及地形特征 ..................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 地形地貌及水文情况 ................................................................................................................. 1
1.1.3 矿区气候条件 ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1.4 其他条件 ..................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 井田地质特征 ................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 地层 ............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.2.2 地质构造 .................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2.3 水文地质 ..................................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 煤层特征 ........................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.1 煤层层数及埋藏条件 ................................................................................................................. 7
1.3.2 煤层围岩特性 ............................................................................................................................. 8
1.3.3 煤层特征 ..................................................................................................................................... 9
1.3.4 煤层开采条件 ........................................................................................................................... 10
2 井田境界和储量 ......................................................................................................................... 12
2.1 井田境界 .......................................................................................................................................... 12
2.1.1 井田境界划分的原则 ............................................................................................................... 12
2.1.2 井田范围 ................................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 矿井工业储量 .................................................................................................................................. 12
2.2.1 储量计算基础 ........................................................................................................................... 13
2.2.2 矿井地质勘探 ........................................................................................................................... 13
2.2.3 矿井工业储量计算 ................................................................................................................... 13
2.3 矿井可采储量 .................................................................................................................................. 14
2.3.1 井田边界保护煤柱 ................................................................................................................... 15
2.3.2 工业广场保护煤柱 ................................................................................................................... 15
2.3.3 断层和井筒保护煤柱 ............................................................................................................... 16
2.3.4 矿井可采储量 ........................................................................................................................... 16
3 矿井工作制度、设计生产能力及服务年限 ................................................................................. 18
3.1 矿井工作制度 ................................................................................................................................. 18
3.2 矿井设计生产能力及服务年限 ..................................................................................................... 18
3.2.1 确定依据 .................................................................................................................................. 18
3.2.2 矿井设计生产能力 .................................................................................................................. 18
3.2.3 矿井服务年限 .......................................................................................................................... 18
3.2.4 井型校核 .................................................................................................................................. 19
4 井田开拓 .................................................................................................................................... 20
4.1 井田开拓的基本问题 ...................................................................................................................... 20
4.1.1 确定井筒形式、数目、位置及坐标 ....................................................................................... 20
4.1.2 工业场地的位置 ....................................................................................................................... 21
4.1.4 开采水平的确定 ...................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.5 方案比较 ................................................................................................................................... 22
4.2 矿井基本井筒巷道 .......................................................................................................................... 31
4.2.1 井筒 ........................................................................................................................................... 31
4.2.2 井底车场 ................................................................................................................................... 37
4.2.3 开拓巷道 ................................................................................................................................... 38
5 准备方式—采区巷道布置 ........................................................................................................... 40
5.1 煤层地质特征 .................................................................................................................................. 40
5.1.1 采区位置 ................................................................................................................................... 40
5.1.2 采区煤层特征 ........................................................................................................................... 40
5.1.3 煤层顶底板岩石构造情况 ....................................................................................................... 40
5.1.4 水文地质 ................................................................................................................................... 40
5.1.5 主要地质构造 ........................................................................................................................... 40
5.1.6 地表情况 ................................................................................................................................... 40
5.2 采区巷道布置及生产系统 .............................................................................................................. 40
5.2.1 采区范围及区段划分 ............................................................................................................... 40
5.2.2 煤柱尺寸的确定 ....................................................................................................................... 40
5.2.3 采煤方法及首采工作面长度的确定 ....................................................................................... 41
5.2.4 确定采区各种巷道的尺寸、支护方式 ................................................................................... 41
5.2.5 采区巷道的联络方式 ............................................................................................................... 42
5.2.6 采区接替顺序 ........................................................................................................................... 43
5.2.7 采区生产系统 ........................................................................................................................... 43
5.2.8 采区内巷道掘进方法 ............................................................................................................... 44
5.2.9 采区生产能力及采出率 ........................................................................................................... 44
5.3 采区车场选型设计 .......................................................................................................................... 45
6 采煤方法 .................................................................................................................................... 47
6.1 采煤工艺方式 .................................................................................................................................. 47
6.1.1 采区煤层特征及地质条件 ....................................................................................................... 47
6.1.2 确定采煤工艺方式 ................................................................................................................... 47
6.1.3 回采工作面参数 ....................................................................................................................... 47
6.1.4 回采工艺及设备 ....................................................................................................................... 47
6.1.5 回采工作面支护方式 ............................................................................................................... 50
6.1.6 端头支护及超前支护方式 ....................................................................................................... 52
6.1.7 各工艺过程注意事项 ............................................................................................................... 52
6.1.8 回采工作面正规循环作业 ....................................................................................................... 54
6.2 回采巷道布置 .................................................................................................................................. 56
6.2.1 回采巷道布置方式 ................................................................................................................... 56
6.2.2 回采巷道参数 ........................................................................................................................... 56
7 井下运输 .................................................................................................................................... 59
7.1 概述 .................................................................................................................................................. 59
7.1.1 井下运输设计的原始条件和数据 ........................................................................................... 59
7.1.2 运输距离和货载量 ................................................................................................................... 59
7.1.3 矿井运输系统 ........................................................................................................................... 59
7.2 采区运输设备选择 .......................................................................................................................... 60
7.2.1 设备选型原则 ........................................................................................................................... 60
7.2.2 采区运输设备的选型 ............................................................................................................... 60
7.3 大巷运输设备选择 .......................................................................................................................... 617.3.1 运输大巷设备选择 ................................................................................................................... 61
7.3.2 辅助运输大巷设备选择 ........................................................................................................... 61
8 矿井提升 .................................................................................................................................... 63
8.1 概述 .................................................................................................................................................. 63
8.2 主副井提升 ...................................................................................................................................... 63
8.2.1 主井提升 ................................................................................................................................... 63
9 矿井通风及安全 ......................................................................................................................... 67
9.1 矿井地质、开拓、开采概况 .......................................................................................................... 67
9.1.1 矿井地质概况 ........................................................................................................................... 67
9.1.2 开拓方式 ................................................................................................................................... 67
9.1.3 开采方法 ................................................................................................................................... 67
9.1.4 变电所、充电硐室、火药库 ................................................................................................... 67
9.1.5 工作制、人数 ........................................................................................................................... 67
9.2 矿井通风系统的确定 ...................................................................................................................... 67
9.2.1 矿井通风系统的基本要求 ....................................................................................................... 67
9.2.2 矿井通风方式的选择 ............................................................................................................... 67
9.2.3 矿井通风方法的选择 ............................................................................................................... 68
9.2.4 采区通风系统的要求 ............................................................................................................... 69
9.2.5 工作面通风方式的确定 ........................................................................................................... 69
9.2.6 回采工作面进回风巷道的布置 ............................................................................................... 69
9.3 矿井风量计算 .................................................................................................................................. 70
9.3.1 矿井风量计算方法概述 ........................................................................................................... 70
9.3.2 回采工作面风量计算 ............................................................................................................... 71
9.3.3 掘进工作面风量计算 ............................................................................................................... 72
9.3.4 硐室需要风量的计算 ............................................................................................................... 73
9.3.5 其他巷道所需风量 ................................................................................................................... 73
9.3.6 矿井总风量计算 ....................................................................................................................... 73
9.3.7 风量分配 ................................................................................................................................... 74
9.4 矿井通风阻力 .................................................................................................................................. 74
9.4.1 确定矿井通风容易时期和困难时期 ....................................................................................... 749.4.2 矿井通风容易时期和困难时期的最大阻力路线.................................................................... 78
9.4.3 矿井通风阻力计算 ................................................................................................................... 79
9.4.4 矿井通风总阻力 ....................................................................................................................... 79
9.4.5 矿井总风阻及总等积孔 ........................................................................................................... 80
9.5 矿井通风设备选型 .......................................................................................................................... 81
9.5.1 通风机选择的基本原则 ........................................................................................................... 81
9.5.2 通风机风压的确定 ................................................................................................................... 81
9.5.3 电动机选型 ............................................................................................................................... 83
9.5.4 矿井主要通风设备的要求 ....................................................................................................... 85
9.5.5 对反风装置及风硐的要求 ....................................................................................................... 85
9.6 特殊灾害的预防措施 ...................................................................................................................... 85
9.6.1 预防瓦斯和煤尘爆炸的措施 ................................................................................................... 85
9.6.2 预防井下火灾的措施 ............................................................................................................... 85
9.6.3 防水措施 ................................................................................................................................... 86
10 设计矿井基本技术经济指标 ..................................................................................................... 87
设计专题部分
西部生态脆弱矿区保水开采技术分析 ............................................................................................ 90
1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................. 90
1.1 问题的提出研究意义 ...................................................................................................................... 90
1.2 文献综述 .......................................................................................................................................... 91
1.3 主要研究内容及研究思路 .............................................................................................................. 97
2 开采对地下水分布的影响分析 .................................................................................................... 98
2.1 地下水来源分类 .............................................................................................................................. 98
2.2 开采对地下水的影响 .................................................................................................................... 100
3 保水开采技术的主要影响因素 ................................................................................................. 101
3.1 开采与地下水分布 ........................................................................................................................ 101
3.2 主要影响因素 ................................................................................................................................ 102
4 保水开采技术和矿井水循环使用技术 ....................................................................................... 103
4.1 保水开采技术 ................................................................................................................................ 103
4.2 矿井水的合理利用及循环使用技术 ............................................................................................ 1045
矿区保水开采实例 ......................................................................................................... 108
5.1 概述 ............................................................................................................................................... 108
5.2 矿区与保水开采的地质因素 ............................................................................................ 108
5.3 水资源破坏情况 ............................................................................................................................ 109
5.4 防治对策研究 ................................................................................................................................ 110
5.5 矿区保水开采的采煤方法划分体系 ................................................................................ 111
5. 6 保水开采需采取的工程技术措施................................................................................................ 111
6 小结 ........................................................................................................................................... 112
英文翻译部分
英文原文 .............................................................................................................................................. 115
Present situation and developing trend of coal mine automationand communication technology ... 115
1 Developing process of coal mine automation and communication .................................................. 115
2 Coal mine automation technology .................................................................................................... 115
3 Communication technology for coal mine......................................................................................... 117
4 Technical problems ............................................................................................................................ 117
5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................ 118
中文译文 .............................................................................................................................................. 119
煤矿自动化和通信技术现状与发展趋势 ...................................................................................... 119
1 煤矿自动化和通信的发展历程 ....................................................................................................... 119
2 煤矿自动化技术 ............................................................................................................................... 120
3 煤矿通信技术 ................................................................................................................................... 121
4 若干技术问题 ................................................................................................................................... 122
5 结语 ................................................................................................................................................... 122
参考文献 ...................................................................................................................................... 123
致 谢 .................................................................................................................................................. 124
| 
