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8吨单梁桥式起重机起升机构设计

摘  要：起重机的出现大大提高了人们的劳动效率和经济效益，以前需要很多人力物力才能搬动的大型物件现在用起重机就能轻易达到效果，尤其是在小范围的搬动过程中起重机的作用是相当明显的。像在工厂的厂房内搬运大型零件或重型装置时，桥式起重机所起到的作用就很明显[1]。我们这次设计的是桥式起重机。桥式起重机是一种工作性能比较稳定，工作效率比较高的起重机。桥式起重机小车主要包括起升机构、小车架、小车运行机构、吊具等部分。其中的小车运行机构主要由减速器、主动轮组、从动轮组、传动轴和一些连接件组成。最后，通过这次设计，我们对桥式起重机有了更进一步的了解，认识到了它的现状和发展趋势，这对我们以后从事机械行业方面的工作有很大的益处。
关键词：桥式起重机，起升机构，减速器，卷筒          

The Design of Hoisting Mechanism of 8t of Single Beam Bridge Crane

Abstract: Crane appear greatly improved people's labor efficiency and economic benefit, previous need a lot of manpower to move large objects now used cranes can easily achieve effects, especially in small range of move process crane effect is quite obvious. Like in the factory workshop of handling large parts or heavy device, bridge crane that play the role is very obvious. We this design is bridge crane. Bridge crane is a kind of performance is stable, the working efficiency is relatively high crane. Bridge crane car mainly includes hoisting mechanism, car frame, car mechanism, sling etc parts. One of the car mechanism mainly by the reducer, initiative, driven wheels, transmission shaft and some fittings wheelset composed. Finally, through the design of a bridge crane, we have furtherunderstanding, recognized its status and development trend, and this for our future work in machinery industry has huge benefits.  
Key words: bridge crane;hoisting mechanism; lifting hook;coiling block

目   录

摘  要   1
关键词 1
1前言 2
1.1研究得目的与意义 2
1.2起重机发展概述 3
1.2.1国内桥式起重机发展情况 3
1.2.2国外桥式起重机发展情况 4
2 起重机起升机构的基本结构 5
2.1 基本参数 6
2.2吊具 6
2.2.1吊钩 7
2.2.2吊具上轴承 7
3 滑轮组的形式 7
3.1钢丝绳 8
3.2滑轮组 9
3.2.1滑轮的设计与计算 9
3.2.2横轴的验算 10
3.2.3滑轮组上的其他零件 11
4卷筒及卷筒上的零件 11
4.1卷筒的基本尺寸 11
4.2卷筒轴及机构中键的设计 13
5电动机 15
5.1功率 15
5.2电动机选型 15
5.3起升电动机发热校检 16
6减速器 16
7机构启动时间计算 17
8制动器 17
9高速轴联轴器 17
10轴承的密封 17
11结论 18
参考文献 18
致谢 19