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目 录
1 前言 1
1.1 课题内容 1
1.2 课题来由 1
1.2.1 课题背景 1
1.2.2 课题要求 1
1.3 组合机床国内外发展概述 1
1.4 本课题主要解决的问题和总体设计思路 2
2 组合机床总体设计 3
2.1 总体方案论证 3
2.1.1 工艺方案的拟订 3
2.1.2机床配置形式的选择 3
2.1.3定位基准的选择 4
2.1.4滑台型式的选择 4
2.2确定切削用量及选择刀具 4
2.2.1选择切削用量 4
2.2.2计算切削力、切削扭矩及切削功率 6
2.2.3选择刀具结构 7
2.3组合机床总体设计——三图一卡 7
2.3.1被加工零件工序图 7
2.3.2 加工示意图 7
2.3.3机床尺寸联系总图 10
2.3.4机床生产率计算卡 12
3镗模设计 14
3.1镗模设计的基本要求和步骤 14
3.1.1镗模设计的基本要求 14
3.1.2 镗模的设计步骤 14
3.2定位与导向方案的确定 14
3.2.1零件的工艺性分析 14
3.2.2定位方案的论证 15
3.2.3导向装置 15
3.3夹紧方案的确定 16
3.3.1夹紧装置的确定 16
3.3.2夹紧力的确定 17
3.3.3气缸的选择 18
3.4夹具体的设计 18
3.5 误差分析 18
4 结论 22
参考文献 23
致 谢 24
附 录 25
柴油机气缸体三面粗镗组合机床总体及镗模设计
摘 要:组合机床是以系列化、标准化的通用部件为标准,配以少量的专用部件组成的一种高生产率专用机床。它具有自动化程度较高,加工质量稳定,工序高度集中等特点。本次课题是设计一台加工S195型柴油机气缸体水箱面、油底壳面和后盖板面孔系的粗镗组合机床,具体进行总体设计和镗模设计。被加工零件为S195型柴油机气缸体,工件材料为HT200,三个面共加工13个孔,工件一次装夹,三面同时加工。为满足设计要求,进行工艺设计,确定所需的“三图一卡”。机床配置型式为单工位三面卧式组合机床,刀具选用镗刀。根据工艺过程的需要对工件的定位夹紧方式进行分析,设计满足使用的夹具,夹紧方式为液压夹紧。本组合机床,成本低,工作可靠,结构简单,装卸方便,便于维修、调整,加工精度高,操作使用方便,减轻了工人的劳动强度,提高了劳动生产率。
关键词:组合机床;总体设计;夹具设计.
The Overall and Jig Design of Three-side Boring Modular Machine Tool for Cylinder Body of Diesel Engine
Abstract: The modular machine tool is based on serialization and standardization of the general components of the standards, coupled with a small number of special components, which is consisted of a special high productivity machine. It has such characteristics, high degree of automation , stable process quality, highly working procedure centralize. The subject design is a Three-side boring modular machining tool which processes water tank face, oil rind face and back cover board face of S195 cylinder body of diesel engine. The overall and jig design is important. Processed parts for cylinder block of S195 diesel engine, the tap of workpiece material is HT200, it bores 13 holes on the three faces, the workpiece is fixed one time, the three faces are processed at the same time. To meet the requirements of the design, process design is necessary. “Three plans and one card” is needed to be ascertained. The positioning model of machine tool is single working procedure horizontal modular machine tool, it is selected bore. According to the needs of technics process, it will analyse orientation and clamp methods of workpiece and design the necessary jig. The clampling means is hydraulic pressure clamping. The modular machine tool has such characteristics, low-cost, reliable work, simple structure , assemble and disassemble convenience, ease of maintenance and adjust, highly processing precision, easy to operate, reducing the workers’ labor intensity, and it enhances the productivity.
Key words: Modular machine tool; Overall Design; Design of jig.
1 前 言
1.1 课题内容
本组课题是设计一台三面粗镗孔卧式组合机床,来保证S195柴油机气缸体三面孔加工及保证相应的位置精度,在完成机床总体设计和绘制“三图一卡”的基础上,主要完成镗模的设计。
1.2 课题来由
本课题来自江淮动力集团。
1.2.1 课题背景
近年来,随着制造业的发展,普通机床已经越来越不能满足现代加工工艺及提高劳动生产率的要求。江动集团在生产S195柴油机时,其气缸体的加工效率比较低,跟不上生产指标,气缸体的加工精度比较高,普通机床加工比较困难,现需要设计一台组合机床用以实现S195柴油机气缸体的加工。
1.2.2 课题要求
本加工工序的内容是::右侧面:镗曲轴孔φ192、φ75,扩平衡轴孔2×φ50,钻凸轮轴孔φ34;左侧面:扩平衡轴孔2×φ50,凸轮轴孔φ45,钻起动轴孔φ36,调速轴孔φ24;后面:镗缸套孔φ115,φ108,φ107。位置公差为0.30mm。粗糙度为:镗孔 ,钻、扩 。
为了保证零件的加工精度,在整个设计过程中应满足以下几点要求:
a.机床应能满足加工要求,保证加工精度。
b.机床应运转平稳,工作可靠,结构简单。
c.装卸方便,便于维修,调整。
d.主轴箱能满足机床总体方案的要求(转速,转向,功率,坐标要求)。
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