设计描述：

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摘  要
机车轮心是指车轮与车轴配合的部分，它是列车的重要牵引传动部件。轮心内孔与车轴为过盈配合，采用热涨法装配。在这种条件下，列车行走时轮心内孔与车轴无相对运动、无磨损。当出现更换轴或维修车轴上零件等情况时，需要将车轮解体，此时车轴将从轮心内孔中被强行压出，孔轴配合面就会被破坏。为使轮轴达到可工作的状态，轮心内孔面需堆焊及机加工，恢复内孔外形及表面的光洁度。本文所设计的堆焊机减速器就用于此工序。轮心堆焊机主要由动力头、尾架、焊接小车、底座、导轨及控制箱六大部分组成。本文所设计的减速器属于该堆焊机的动力头的一部分。
本文所设计的轮心堆焊机减速器，工作重点在于传动机构和轴的设计。工作的首要目的是满足基本的使用性能，其次是在此基础上尽量减少减速器的体积和重量使其结构紧凑、加工制造方便。动力头减速器构造有很多种类，本文首要满足的性能指标是速比和强度，之后再从装配方便、缩小体积、降低成本等方面加以考虑。设计后的减速器应具有容易生产、结构简单、可靠实用、安装方便、成本低的特点。

    关键词:  轮心，堆焊机，减速器，动力头。

Abstract
The motorcycle round heart means the part matching with axle car wheel, it is the importance of the railroad train to lead to spread a parts. Round bore inside the heart and axle in order to lead Ying to match with, just rise method assemble with the heat. In this case, the railroad train runs about round bore inside the heart with axle have no opposite sport, don't wear away. While appearing to replace stalk or maintaining circumstances like spare parts, etc of axle, need to disintegrate car wheel, at this time axle will from the round the bore inside the heart drive strong line of press out, the bore stalk match noodles will be broken. In order to make the axle attain the status that can work, the round bore noodles inside the heart needs a heap of Han and machine to process and resumes inside the clean degree of the bore shape and the surface. The heap Han machine designed by this text decelerates a machine to used for this work preface. Round the heart heap Han machine mainly from power head, tail, weld a small car, base and lead track and control box six greatest parts to constitute. The deceleration machine designed by this text belongs to a part of the power head of the heap's Han machine.
The round designed by this text the heart heap Han machine decelerate machine, work Be particularly lie in spreading motive to reach and stalk of design. The initial purpose of the work is satisfy basic use function, secondly is on this foundation as far as possible decrease decelerate machine of physical volume and weight make its structure tightly packed, process to make convenient. Power head deceleration machine the structure contain a lot of categories, the text initial contented function index sign is soon ratio and strength, after again from assemble been convenience, narrow a physical volume and decline low cost etc. to take into to consider. It is easy to should have the deceleration machine after designing production, simple structure, credibility practical, install a characteristics with convenient and low cost.

    Key words: round heart, heap Han machine, deceleration machine, power head
 
目  录
摘  要 III
ABSTRACT IV
目  录 V
1 绪论 1
1.1本课题的研究内容和意义 1
1.2国内外的发展概况 1
1.3本课题应达到的要求 3
2 轮心堆焊机的主要技术 4
2.1 堆焊 4
2.2 轮心堆焊 4
3 总体方案的选定与设计 6
3.1 初选电动机类型和结构型式 6
3.2 电动机的容量 7
3.2.1 确定减速器所需的功率  7
3.2.2确定传动装置效率 7
3.2.3电动机的技术数据 8
4 传动装置的传动比及动力参数计算 9
4.1  传动装置运动参数的计算 9
4.1.1各轴功率计算 9
4.1.2各轴转速的计算 9
4.1.3各轴输入扭矩的计算 9
5 减速器部件的选择计算 10
5.1  蜗杆传动设计计算 10
5.1.1  选择蜗杆、蜗轮材料 10
5.1.2  确定蜗杆头数Z 及蜗轮齿数Z  10
5.1.3  确定蜗杆蜗轮中心距a 10
5.1.4 蜗杆传动几何参数设计 11
5.1.5  热平衡计算 13
5.2 环面蜗轮蜗杆校核计算 13
5.3 轴的结构设计 15
5.3.1 蜗杆轴的设计 15
5.3.2 蜗轮轴的设计 17
5.4 轴的校核 20
5.4.1  蜗杆轴的强度校核 20
5.4.2  蜗轮轴的强度校核 22
5.5 滚动轴承的选择及校核 25
5.5.1  蜗杆轴滚动轴承的选择及校核 25
5.5.2  蜗轮轴上轴承的校核 27
5.6 键联接的强度校核 28
5.6.1  蜗杆轴上安装联轴器处的键联接 28
5.6.2  蜗轮轴上装蜗轮处的键联接 28
5.6.3  蜗轮轴上装联轴器处的键联接 28
5.7 箱体结构尺寸及说明 29
5.8 减速器的润滑和密封 30
5.9 减速器的附件 31
5.9.1  窥视孔和视孔盖 31
5.9.2  通气器 31
5.9.3  定位销 32
5.9.4  起盖螺钉 32
5.9.5  起吊装置 32
5.9.6  放油孔及螺塞 33
5.10 减速器的安装，使用及维护 33
5.10.1  减速器的安装 33
6 结论与展望 35
6.1结论 35
6.2不足之处及未来展望 35
致    谢 36
参考文献 37