设计描述：

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摘  要
 
焊接变位机是一种焊接辅助设备，它与焊接操作机、焊接滚轮架并称为焊接辅助设备中三大机。焊接变位机是

应焊接行业的机械化、自动化发展需要而产生的。焊接变位机作为一种焊接配套设备，用于管子横向对接焊接

，管子与法兰内外环缝焊接，管子对管子全位置焊接。焊接变位机可水平翻转角度，通过工作台的回转及翻转

运动使工件上焊缝处于最理想的位置进行焊接，从而大大提高焊缝质量，减轻焊工劳动强度，尤其是适合焊接

各种轴类、盘类、筒体等回转工件的理想设备。
本设计分析了解国内外焊接变位机的发展状况、以及焊接变位机在焊接机器人中的应用，设计了一种60吨座式

焊接变位机。主要内容是关于焊接时机械的回转翻转的控制、电机的选择、减速器的选择、各个轴和齿轮轴承

的确定以及校核等等。
设计的具体过程是根据预定的载荷和要求的焊接速度从而确定设备所需要的电机类型，包括:电机的转速、额定

功率、电压电流等，在此基础上计算轴的尺寸和相应配件的型号，并且对其进行相关的强度、使用寿命等的校

核，然后对一些外购件也进行选择。
选用的方法主要是机械设计的相关知识，使用到的有材料力学，CAD等。

关键词： 焊接变位机； 机械设计； 焊接辅机

Abstract

 Welding positioner is a kind of welding auxiliary equipment, it was known as the three planes in

welding auxiliary equipment with welding manipulator, welding roller bed. Welding positioner was

designed with the development of welding industry mechanization, and automation. As a welding

auxiliary machine, welding positioner was used in pipe′s landscape orientation welding, pipe and

flange′s inside and outside central linking welding, pipe welding in all location. Though the

gyration and retroflexion of the workbench, the welding positioner can make the welding line to

an ideal position, which can improve the quality of the welded joint, reduce welder’s workload.

It is ideal equipment especially fit to weld the kinds of workpiece, just like the shaft, tray,

canister, and so on.
 By understanding the welding positioner′ s development in domestic and overseas, and the

positioner used in welding robot is described in the paper. A block 60 ton s of welding

positioner is designed.Mainly on the subject of welding ,mechanical rotation turnover of control,

the electrical options, reducer selection, various axle and the wheel bearings and determine

accuracy ,and so on.
 The design process is based on specific target load and speed requirements of welding equipment

to determine the type of electrical needs, including: the rotational speed electrical, rated

power, voltage, current and on the basis of the calculation of axle size and corresponding

accessories models, and their associated intensity, and the useful life of accuracy, then for

some purchases were also chosen. 
 The method chosen mainly mechanical design relevant knowledge, the use of the material

mechanics, CAD.

Key words: welding conjugation mechanical; mechanical design; welding auxiliary machine.
 
目  录
摘  要 III
ABSTRACT IV
目  录 V
1 绪论 1
1.1 立题依据 1
1.2 焊接辅机的作用和分类 1
1.3 焊接变位机的功能及结构形式 2
2.1 设计的基本参数 4
2.2 变位机的总体方案设计 4
2.3 驱动系统方案 4
2.3.1 工作台回转方案 4
2.3.2 工作台翻转方案 4
2.4 导电装置方案 5
3 回转机构设计 6
3.1 工作台回转机构 6
3.2 回转支承的选择 6
3.2.1回转系统承载的总重量 6
3.2.2 计算回转支承的最大倾覆力矩 7
3.2.3 齿轮1的参数（即与回转支承啮合的小齿轮） 8
3.3 选择工作台的回转电机 10
3.4 减速器的选择 11
4 工作台倾斜机构设计 12
4.1 倾斜机构 12
4.2 选择倾斜机构的电机 12
4.3 蜗杆减速器 13
4.3.1 蜗杆和蜗轮的设计 14
4.3.2 蜗杆轴和蜗轮轴的初步设计 16
4.4扇形齿轮传动设计 16
4.5 倾斜机构中轴的设计 19
4.5.1 倾斜轴的最小直径 19
4.5.2  翻转小齿轮轴的最小直径 24
4.6 联轴器的选用计算 27
4.6.1 减速器与减速器之间的联轴器 27
4.7 轴承的选用和校核 27
5 安装调试与操作使用 29
5.1 安装 29
5.2 调试与检测 29
5.3 操作与使用 29
6 结论与展望 30
6.1结论 30
6.2不足之处及未来展望 30
致谢 31
参考文献 32