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摘 要
进入新世纪后随着工业的高速发展，钢铁企业的生产能力得到了不断地提升，环形加热炉技术也在不断的成熟

，而传统的推钢式进出料机已经不适合在环形加热炉中使用，为了适应环形加热炉的进出料特点，在此专门为

加热炉量身定做了环形加热炉装取料机。此机型包括了整体机架，小车，钳杆这三部分。运用夹紧气缸和升降

气缸来实现钳杆对钢料的夹取和升降运动，同时钳杆装载在小车上，小车可以在机架的导轨上进退运动。小车

是用电动机驱动的，当电动机运行时，带动安装在电动机上的齿轮转动，我们在右横梁上装配了与小车齿轮可

以啮合的齿条来实现小车在机架导轨上的运动。在实际情况下充分根据环形加热炉的特点特地使用两台一样的

装取料机分别安装在装料口和出料口。两机同时进行装取料，极大地提高了加热钢料的效率，也更充分地发挥

了环形加热炉的高效率的特性，提高了整个厂区的工作效率和经济效益，与当前我国提出的高产、优质、低耗

的理念相吻合。

关键词：环形加热炉；装取料；有限元分析；高效
ABSTRACT
In order to adapt to the rapid development in the new century, industrial steel enterprise

production capacity has increased a lot then before, the annular heating furnace technology has

been more mature, the traditional pushed steel type translation machine dose not suitable for

using in the annular heating furnace any more.  In order to adapt to the characteristics of the

annular heating furnace a new type of feeding machine has been tailored specifically for the

annular heating furnace is installed. The model of this machine includes the whole frame, car and

clamp stem. Using clamping cylinder and the cylinder to lift the bar clamp on steel clip and

lifting movement, and installed with the car pliers stem, can be translated on the rails in the

frame. The car was droved by a electric motor, the electric motor was droved by the gears which

installed in the motor. According to the characteristics of annular heating furnace, two feeding

machines were installed respectively in the loading and discharging part. These two machines

simultaneously outfit feeding, greatly improving the efficiency of heating steel, also improve

the efficiency of the whole factory work efficiency and economic benefit and coincide with the

current idea of high-yield, high-quality and low consumption.

Keywords: annular heating furnace; Pack feeding; Finite element analysis; high Efficient

目  录
摘 要 III
ABSTRACT IV
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题来源及意义 1
1.2 环形加热炉的简单介绍 2
1.2.1 炉形结构: 2
1.2.2 装取料口距离计算: 3
1.3 装取料机的简单介绍 4
1.4 国内外的发展情况 5
2 装取料机的设计说明及工作原理 8
2.1 装取料机的设计说明及工作原理 9
3 装取料机的机械结构及设计计算 14
3.1 整体的设计 14
3.2 钳杆的结构设计及计算 14
3.2.1 钳杆的整体机构设计: 15
3.2.2 钳杆的长度: 15
3.2.3 钳杆的直径: 15
3.2.4 两气缸型号的确定: 15
3.2.5 钳杆校核 16
3.2.6 齿轮校核: 18
3.3 小车的结构设计及计算 22
3.3.1 小车的整体设计: 22
3.3.2 车体的设计计算 22
3.3.3 前轮的设计计算: 24
3.3.4 轮轴的设计及校核: 24
3.3.5 后轮的设计计算: 26
3.3.6 后下轮的设计计算: 26
3.4 整体机架结构的设计及计算 27
3.4.1 横梁的设计计算: 27
3.4.2 立柱的设计: 29
3.4.3 连接梁的设计: 30
4 合理性分析 32
4.1 钳杆的有限元分析 32
4.2 横梁工字钢的有限元分析 34
结论与展望 36
致谢 37
参考文献 38