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R180柴油机机体三面精镗组合机床总体
及右主轴箱设计
摘  要：柴油机机体为大批量生产的零件，为了提高产品的加工效率和加工精度，本课题设计了一台R180柴油

机机体三面精镗组合机床。该机床设计主要分为总体设计和部件设计两部分。在全面了解被加工零件的结构特

点、加工部位和技术要求等基础上。主要完成了组合机床的总体设计。具体内容是在确定总体方案的基础上，

绘制出三图（被加工零件工序图，机床联系尺寸图，加工示意图）和生产率计算卡。本课题的重点是对右主轴

箱的部件设计，首先，在完成组合机床总体设计的基础上，主要完成拟订了主轴箱的传动路线；然后，根据绘

制出的主轴箱原始依据图，确定了具体传动方案，应用最优化方法布置齿轮，确定传动参数，设计了轴的结构

；最后，进行齿轮、轴承等相关零件的强度校核计算。在满足加工精度的条件下，本方案采用液压滑台来实现

进给运动，尽量使用了通用部件，降低制造成本。采用单工位三面同时加工能保证孔的位置精度，提高生产效

率，降低工人劳动强度，较好地满足了设计要求。

关键词：组合机床；精镗；主轴箱

The Overall and Right Headstock Design of Modular Machine Tool Used for Boring Holes of R180

diesel engine body
Abstract: The cylinder body of diesel is made for large quantities of production. To improve the

machining efficiency and to satisfy the processing requirements, the combine machine-tool was

designed for drilling and boring the body of the R180 diesel engine cylinder with three facing

set. The focal point of this topic is the total design and the design of the right headstock.

Basing on studying comprehensively the components in structure characteristic, processing spot

and specification and so on, the overall design of the combine machine-tool was completed. Its

concrete content is to finish three drawings (process components working procedure chart, engine

bed relation dimensional drawing, processing schematic drawing) and the productivity computation

card on the foundation of the overall plan. The key of this modular is the right headstock part

design. Firstly ,On the basis of completing the total design of machine tool system, the driving

route of the headstocks were drawn up. Then according to headstock primitive basis chart and the

methods of optimization, the concrete transmission plan was determined, the cogwheels are

disposed, the driving parameter were determined. At last, the structure of principal axis were

designed and the strength of parts are checked such as the cogwheels and the axletree. Under the

condition of satisfying the processing precision, the liquid operated sliding table is used for

realizing the movement. The general part was used as far as possibly to reduce the production

cost. What’s more, the single location three-side processing plan was used in the modular

machine tool , which can guarantee the position precision of holes , enhance the production

efficiency and reduce the worker labor intensity. It can satisfy the design requirement.

Key words: Modular machine tool; Boring holes; Headstock
目    录
1前言 1
2  组合机床总体设计 2
2.1 总体方案论证 2
2.1.1 工艺路线的确立 2
2.1.2 机床配置型式的选择 2
2.1.3 定位基准的选择 3
2.1.4 滑台型式的选择 3
2.2切削用量的确定及刀具选择 3
2.2.1 选择切削用量 3
2.2.2切削力、切削扭矩及切削功率的计算 5
2.3组合机床总体设计—三图一卡 9
2.3.1被加工零件工序图 9
2.3.2 加工示意图 10
2.3.3机床尺寸联系总图 12
2.3.4 机床生产率计算卡 15
3组合机床右主轴箱设计 17
3.1主轴箱原始依据图 17
3.2主轴结构型式的选择和动力计算 19
3.2.1 主轴结构型式的选择 19
3.2.2 主轴直径和齿轮模数的确定 19
3.3 主轴箱传动系统的设计与计算 19
3.3.1 根据原始依据图计算坐标尺寸 20
3.3.2 拟订主轴箱传动路线 20
3.3.3 确定传动轴位置及齿轮齿数 20
3.3.4  传动轴的选择 25
3.3.5轴承的选择 26
3.3.6齿轮的选择 27
3.3.7平键的选择 30
3.3.8坐标检查图 31
4  零部件的设计 32
4.1  主轴箱的装配图及零件图 32
4.2  主轴箱的选择设计 32
4.3 润滑系统的设计 32
5  结论 33
参 考 文 献 34
致   谢 35
附  录 36