设计描述：

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固定式智能水泥包装机

摘要： 水泥包装机是水泥厂家必备的包装设备之一，传统的水泥包装机自动化程度低、包装精度差、劳动强度大、噪声污染重、工人劳动环境差、包装时易堵料，而且堵料后 排除费时费力，加上粉尘较严重，直接影响环境和工人的身体健康。为了改善工人条件，提高生产效率，开发称量精度、自动化程度高、粉尘少的微机控制的智能固定式水泥包装机就非常必要。因此，本设计研究的是水泥包装机智能称重及其控制系统设计，主要进行了包装称重系统的结构与智能控制系统设计。利用传感器实现自动称重，利用杠杆提高称重的精度和灵敏度，利用液压阻尼器来减小下料引起的动力冲击从而提高其控制和显示的灵敏度。由单片机来控制传感器的转换和LED显示等，同时对控制系统软、硬件进行了较为详细的设计。
关键词：水泥包装机；智能称重；自动控制

Fixed smart cement package machine

Abstract： Cement packing machine is one of the necessary packaging equipment in cement plant, traditional cement package machine of low degree of automation, packaging, poor accuracy, to solve heavy work intension, noise pollution, poor workers labor environment, packaging when blocking, and exclude costly after blocking, coupled with the dust more serious, direct impact on the environment and the health of workers. In order to improve the conditions of workers, increasing productivity, development of weighing accuracy, high degree of automation and computer control of dust emissions smart fixed cement packing machine is necessary. Therefore, this design study on the cement weighing and control system of intelligent design, mainly for packaging structure and intelligent control system design of weighing system. Sensors for automatic weighing, use of leverage to improve weighing precision and sensitivity, using hydraulic dampers to reduce material under dynamic shock caused by increasing its control and display sensitivity. By single-chip microcomputer to control the conversion of the sensor and LED display, simultaneously on the control system software and hardware for a more detailed design.
Key words: Cement packing machine; intelligent weighing; automatic control

目 录

摘要................................................................................................................................Ⅰ
ABSTRAC......................................................................................................................II

1. 绪论............................................................................................................................1
   1.1课题背景................................................................................................................1
   1.2 研究现状及发展趋势..............................................................................................2
2. 固定式水泥包装机方案设计...................................................................................3
2.1 设计任务抽象化..................................................................................................................3
2.1.1 建立黑箱...................................................................................................................3
2.1.2 包装机结构组成.......................................................................................................4
2.2 确定方案........................................................................................................
2.2.1 称重控制方式比较 ..........................................................................
2.2.2 确定最佳方案...................................................................................
3. 机械机构设计........................................................................................................
3.1 秤架原理.......................................................................................................
3.2 计量秤架装置设计计算..............................................................................
3.3杠杆机构........................................................................................................
3.3.1 杠杆板...............................................................................................
3.3.2铰链销连接........................................................................................
3.3.3刀口支承.............................................................................................
3.4 液压阻尼器....................................................................................................
3.4.1 双杆液压缸...........................................................................................
3.4.2 SR型节流阀...........................................................................................
3.4.3 液压管路................................................................................................
3.5 差动变压器式传感器.......................................................................................
3.5.1 差动变压器式传感器的工作原理........................................................
3.5.2 WY-D系列位移传感器.........................................................................
3.6 弹簧预压紧及传感器调零和限位..................................................................
3.7 圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧的计算和预压紧....................................................................
3.7.1 圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧预压紧...........................................................
3.7.2 圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧的计算........................................................................
3.8 圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧的计算和预压紧..........................................................
3.8.1圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧预压紧...............................................................
3.8.2圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧的计算.........................................................................
4. 控制部分设计...............................................................................................................
4.1 系统主要元件的选择及功能简介..........................................................................
4.1.1  A/D转换芯片........................................................................................
4.1.2  8751主芯片...........................................................................................
4.1.3  8155芯片...............................................................................................
4.2 硬件电路设计 .................................................................................................
4.2.1  LED显示电路设计. .........................................................................................
4.2.2  A/D转换电路设计..................................................................................
4.2.3  总体电路设计............................................................................................
4.3 软件程序设计.....................................................................................................
结论................................................................................................................................
参考文献........................................................................................................................
附录一
附录二
附录三
附录四
致谢词............................................................................................................................