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单人林业挖坑机测试装置设计
摘要
挖坑机动态力学参数(扭矩和入土阻力)与其影响因素(钻头转速、钻头进给速度、土壤质地、土壤硬度、土壤湿

度)以及工作部件结构参数之间的关系，是一项重要的基础理论研究。测试装置是进行研究的必备条件，为此需

要自行研制挖坑机动态力学参数室内测试装置。该测试装置能根据测试要求，改变各影响因素值,采用传感器电

测方法，通过采集系统，在挖坑作业全过程中，实现对力学参数的动态实时记录，在营林机械有关挖坑机研究

领域是一项创新。
挖坑机钻头的几何参数和工况范围，以及它们之间的组合，对挖坑机的工作质量和功率消耗有着极大的影响。

多年来，人们除对挖坑机的生产效率、振动和噪声等指标进行测试和研究外，还对工作部件的结构参数、工作

参数及土壤状况对机器性能的影响等作过一定程度的研究。因为挖坑机是一种土壤作业机械，工作对象是土壤,

机器性能的优劣与其工作部件和土壤间相互作用关系有关,即受工作部件的结构参数、作业参数及土壤状况等多

种因素影响。因此，进行挖坑机工作部件与土壤间相互作用关系的研究是十分重要而有意义的一项基础研究。
    关键字：挖坑机，测试装置，动态力学参数，测试
 

The design review of tester for the Single  forestry digging machines
Abstract
It is an important basic theoretical study for the relationship between the digging machine’s

dynamic mechanical parameters (torque and feed resistance) and its influencing factors (drill

rotation speed, drill feed speed, soil composition, soil hardness, soil humidity) and working

parts, structural parameters. The tester is the necessary condition for the study, therefore the

authors developed the new tester of the digging machine’s dynamic mechanical parameters for

testing data. The tester can change the values of influencing factors according to experiment

demands. The authors logged the data of dynamic mechanical parameters in the whole process of

digging exercise through the electromotive method by precision sensors and computer data logger

system. This bring forth a new idea in the field of digging machine related to afforestation

machinery.
The geometric parameter and operating condition range of the drill of digging maching,as well as

the combination between them,which have a great influence on the quality of work and power

consumption of it.Over the years, people in addition to the production efficiency of digging

machines, vibration and noise and other indicators of testing and research, but also on the

working parts of the structure parameters, operating parameters and soil conditions on the

performance of the machine made a certain degree of impact studies. Because digging machine is a

soil working machine, the work object is the soil, the merits of their work performance of the

machine components and the interaction between soil related, that is subject to the structural

parameters of the working parts, the operating parameters and soil conditions and other factors .

Therefore, the work carried out digging machine parts and interaction between soil studies are

very important and meaningful one basic research.
Key words :digging machine, tester, dynamic mechanical parameters, test
 

目录

第一章 绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2 国内外挖坑机的研究现状与分类、设计要求 1
1.2.1 国内外挖坑机的研究现状 1
1.2.2 挖坑机的分类与设计要求 7
1.3设计小型挖坑机性能测试系统的必要性及目的、意义 8
1.3.1 设计小型植树造林挖坑机性能测试系统的必要性 8
1.3.2 课题研究的目的和意义 8
第二章 测试装置总体设计比较和选择 10
2.1总体方案的确定 10
2.2性能测试装置系统各组成部件的比较和选择 10
第三章  系统各组件设计 13
3.1 机构部分 13
3.2 土壤槽 28
3.3电测装置 30
第四章 性能测试实验 36
4.1 扭矩传感器测试实验 36
4.2 转速传感器测试实验 37
4.3 拉压力传感器测试实验 37
第五章 总结与展望 39
致谢 40
参考文献 41
附录 42